mitch Wrote:I have a stupid question. I was under the impression that the slower a bullet moves, the more damage it does to a target because, rather than going straight through, it would tend to tumble and deform once it hit its target. However, my knowledge of ballistics is rudimentary. Can someone clear this up?
It's not a stupid question, but the answer is
really involved.
The tendency of a bullet to tumble depends for the most part on how well it's gyroscopically stabilized. This stabilization depends on how fast it is spun by the rifling in the barrel. A slow bullet with a high rate of spin will be more stable -- have less tendency to tumble -- than a fast bullet with a low rate of spin.
There are other factors involved as well:
How the bullet is constructed.
The shape of the bullet.
The length to diameter ratio of the bullet.
Lots of things.
You mention deformation. That depends on the construction of the bullet. Some bullets have thick jackets which resist deformation, and others have very thin jackets and are easily deformed. That's jacketed bullets.
How well cast bullets deform -- or resist deformation -- depends on how hard an alloy the bullet is cast from.
It's late, I'm tired, and I'm starting to ramble.
I'll see if I can give you a better answer later.
Ken V.